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试验针对石化污泥生物堆肥,开展了五种不同物料配比和是否添加微生物菌剂的对比试验。试验结果表明:随着堆肥物料中石化污泥配比的提高,堆肥的含水率增大,种植青梗菜的平均单株株高、株重减小,单位面积产量也降低。堆肥物料配比相同的处理Ⅱ与处理Ⅴ对比发现,堆肥处理过程中未添加微生物菌剂的处理Ⅴ的青梗菜的平均单株株高、株重、单位面积产量显著低于添加微生物菌剂的处理Ⅱ,甚至低于石化污泥配比为100%并添加微生物菌剂的处理Ⅳ,试验表明,堆肥过程中添加微生物菌剂,其作用不仅可以提高石化污泥生物堆肥的堆体温度,缩短堆肥周期,而且可提高堆肥在农业种植应用中的效果。 相似文献
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Although microbial treatments of heavy metal ions in wastewater have been studied, the removal of these metals through incorporation into carbonate minerals has rarely been reported. To investigate the removal of Fe^3+ and Pb^2+, two representative metals in wastewater, through the precipitation of carbonate minerals by a microbial flocculant (MBF) produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus. MBF was added to synthetic wastewater containing different Fe^3+ and Pb^2+ concentrations, and the extent of flocculation was analyzed. CO2 was bubbled into the mixture of MBF and Fe^3+/Pb^2+ to initiate the reaction. The solid substrates were analyzed via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that the removal efficiency decreased and the MBF adsorption capacity for metals increased with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the system containing MBF, metals (Fe^3+ and Pb^2+), and CO2, the concentrated metals adsorbed onto the MBF combined with the dissolved CO2, resulting in oversaturation of metal carbonate minerals to form iron carbonate and lead carbonates. These results may be used in designing a method in which microbes can be utilized to combine CO2 with wastewater heavy metals to form carbonates, with the aim of mitigating environmental problems. 相似文献
44.
Photocatalytic degradation of carbofuran in TiO2 aqueous solution:Kinetics using design of experiments and mechanism by HPLC/MS/MS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The photocatalytic degradation kinetics of carbofuran was optimized by central composite design based on response surface methodology for the first time. Three variables, TiO2 concentration, initial pH value and the concentration of carbofuran, were selected to determine the dependence of degradation efficiencies on independent variables. Response surface methodology modeling results indicated that the degradation efficiency of carbofuran was highly affected by the initial pH value and the concentration of carbofuran. Then nine degradation intermediates were detected by HPLC/MS/MS. The Frontier Electron Densities of carbofuran were calculated to predict the active sites on carbofuran attacked by hydroxyl radicals and photoholes. Point charges were used to elucidate the chemisorption pattern on TiO2 catalysts during the photocatalytic process. By combining the experimental results and calculation data, the photocatalytic degradation pathways of carbofuran were proposed, including the addition of hydroxyl radicals and the cleavage of the carbamate side chain. 相似文献
45.
Eutrophication development and its key regulating factors in a water-supply reservoir in North China
Yanghe Reservoir is an important source of drinking water for Qinhuangdao City,North China;however,in recent decades this water source has been eutrophic with recurrent summer cyanobacterial blooms.The trophic grade of the system in summer was mesotrophiceutrophic in 1990 and became hypertrophic in 2011.The nutrient availability is extremely high during the entire year,and the water temperature should be the primary driver of the summer blooms.In May-October of 2010 and 2011,abrupt variations were observed in the Secchi depth(SD) and chlorophyll a(Chl-a),and both the correlated analysis of Chl-a-SD and trophic status indices(TSI) deviation(TSI Chl-a-TSI SD) showed that algal cell density dominated light attenuation.During the algal bloom outbreak,the microcystin concentration was found to vary between 0.35-2.12 μg/L in 2010 and 0.11-1.86 μg/L in 2011.The maximum microcystin content was more than two times the safety limit required for drinking water.Inflow discharges were most concentrated in the summer,with periods of lower residence time and the largest water level fluctuation over the entire year.When a high availability of nutrients promoted a high Chl-a concentration in the whole system,it appeared that the instability caused by the decrease in residence time could not produce effective changes in the cyanobacterial abundance.The results indicated that nutrient enrichment in the aquatic systems of Yanghe Reservoir is the most serious problem and that the status would not been modified effectively by increasing hydrological fluctuations(e.g.,decreasing the residence time).Therefore,decreasing the nutrient concentrations is the only route to improve the water quality of this reservoir. 相似文献
46.
采用气相分子吸收光谱仪法测定水样中硫化物的浓度,对其不确定度来源进行分析、评估。结果表明,当水样浓度为3.42mg/L时,考虑测定过程的标准溶液的配制、曲线拟合、仪器测量重复性等因素对测定结果造成影响,测得硫化物的相对合成标准不确定0.13mg/L,其中最主要的分量是由硫化物标准溶液引起的测量不确定度。 相似文献
47.
降尘监测可以较客观地反映与评价城市区域扬尘污染水平。及时掌握降尘污染状况,对区域扬尘污染治理措施成效和评价城市区域环境空气质量具有实际意义。降尘监测具有采样设备简单、操作简便易行、成本相对较低等特点。但是监测周期长、环节多等都会影响降尘监测的准确性。本文通过对吴泾工业区扬尘污染治理中降尘数据分析发现,降尘监测中存在降尘数据波动大、受周边环境影响大、人为损坏多等诸多因素的影响,就这些影响因素进行分析探讨,并提出了若干建议和解决方法。 相似文献
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本文系统地分析了建设项目环境影响评价中面临的政策性制约因素,提出相应的解决方案与对策,包括建设项目筛选优化、编制规划环评、落实主要污染物总量控制指标、项目选址(线)努力避开环境敏感区,等等,从而有序、高效推进建设项目环评审批工作. 相似文献
50.